GSM-R yaratılırken EIRENE – MORANE projelerinden de girdi sağlanmıştır.
IUC
IUC Fransızcası "Union internationale des chemins de fer" İngilizcesi "International Union of Railways" Türkçesi "Uluslararası Demiryolları Birliği"
IUC GSM Tabanlı Bir Sistem Oluşturmaya Karar Veriyor
1993 yılında IUC GSM Tabanlı Bir Sistem Oluşturmaya Karar Veriyor. Açıklaması şöyle
The UIC anticipated the need for a common wireless data frequency band and digital communications standard for border-crossing rail traffic, and so conducted a detailed technical and economical survey of digital technologies and, in 1993, decided to base the new system on GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). This would ensure that railways could participate in the evolution of the public standard to include their specific needs. In addition, they might benefit from the economy of scale of the existing public market for the cost of their equipment.
Ancak standart GSM'in yetersiz kalacağını düşünüyorlar. Yetersizlikleri tanımlayacakları EIRENE isimli bir çalışma başlatıyorlar. EIRENE (European Integrated Radio Enhanced NEtwork) kısaltmasıdır. Yetersiz olduğunu düşündükleri noktalar şöyle
The decision to choose an open standard had some drawbacks, as not all specific requirements were covered by the GSM. Enhancements for special needs were necessary, which were researched and defined by the UIC’s ‘European Integrated Radio Enhanced Network’ (EIRENE) Project. The GSM system had to be modified to meet several types of features and requirements specific to railways, namely:- Fast and guaranteed call set-up, (over all on emergency calls – maximum two seconds)- Enable seamless communication for train speeds of up to 500km/h- Functional addressing (e.g. a train number or coach number) for setting up a call and for display of calling/called party- Location dependent functions, e.g. connection to the local ground- Broadcast and group calls- Priority and pre-emption mechanisms- Set-up of urgent or frequent calls through a single keystroke or similar, including emergency call- Train control European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS)- Link assurance, an indication that the connection is maintained- Automatic mobile network management- Control over system configuration- Automatic and manual test modes with fault indications- Increased flexibility of operation through the use of SIM cards
Daha sonra bu EIRENE ve GSM-R sistemini deneyecekleri bir proje daha başlatıyorlar. Bu çalışmanın adı da MORANE. MORANE (MObile radio for RAilway Networks in Europe) kısaltmasıdır.
The principal purpose of MORANE was to develop the GSM-R system in accordance with the EIRENE specifications and perform validation on three trial sites: SCNF, Deutsche Bahn, Ferrovie dello Stato
Açıklaması şöyle
In 1995, the UIC decided to establish a project to set up tests of the new system. Three railways, SNCF, DB, and Firenze SMN (Italy), set up the consortium ‘Mobile Radio for Railway Networks in Europe’ (MORANE) to conduct the trials. The overall aim of the project was to specify, develop, test, and validate the new GSM-R (GSM for Railways) system.
EIRENE Numbering Plan support
Aynı zamanda Functional Addressing de deniliyor. Alanlar şöyle.
IC International Code (also known as RAC-Railway Access Code, used for routing to the relevant GSM-R-Network)CT Call Type (Identifies how to interpret the user number that follows)UIN User Identifier Number. Call Type değerine göre yorumlanırFC Function Code (used as an identification of f.e the person or equipment on a particular train, or a particular team within a given area)
Şeklen şöyle
Örnek
Example: connect to the train driver of train number 12345678 the following digits have to be entered:• 2 (Call type, in this case it identifies the following number as a train number)• 12345678 (UserIdentifierNumber, in this case "train number")• 01 (Function Code, in this case "lead driver")
Yani çevrilen telefon numarası
2 12345678 01
GSM-R Numbering Plan
EIRENE tanımından gelen Call Type tablosu şöyle
Prefix Usage definition
0 Reserved for access to public or to other GSM-R networks
1 Reserved for short codes
2 Train Function Number
3 Engine Function Number
4 Coach Number
6 Maintenance and shunting team members
7 Train controllers
8 Mobile Subscriber Number
9 Reserved for breakout codes and national use
50 Group calls
51 Broadcast calls
52–55 Reserved for international use
56–57 Reserved for national use
58 Reserved for system use
59 Reserved for system use
0 ile başlayan numaralar Direct Call olduğu için mutlaka bağlanır
2,3,4,6,7,8,9 ile başlayan numaralar için Access Matrix kullanılır
Yani International Function Number şöyle
IC + CT + UIN + FC
National Function Number şöyle
CT + UIN + FC
Voice Group Call Ne Demek?
Çok sayıda kullanıcının aynı görüşmeye katılmasına izin verir. Push To Talk gibi sadece bir tanesi konuşabilir.
Call Type Tipleri
Call Type 1
Call Type 2
Call Type 3
Call Type 4
Call Type 5
Call Type 6
var Açıklaması şöyle
• The Call Type (CT) prefix is used to distinguish between the different types of user numbers that are allowed within the national EIRENE numbering plan. It is an indication to the network of how to process the number dialed.• The User Identifier Number (UIN) is the main identifier of, e.g., a train, a shunting team, etc.• The Function Code (FC) is used as an identification of, e.g., the person or equipment on a particular train, or a particular team within a given area.
Call Type 1 - Kısaca Short Code
Call Type 1 için şöyle. Kısa yol içindir
Short Codes FC destination1200 Signalman1300 Regulator1400 ECO1500 ECP Extn (this role is a role which can take complete control of a specific Line Section thereby removing operational control from the Signalman)1600 ECP Basic (this role is a role that shares access to the radio network over a specific Line Section1700 Signalman1800 Network Loading1900 Instruction
Call Type 2
Call Type 2 için şöyle. Tren içinde aramalar için kullanılıyor. Sanırım Call Type 2 için Function Code aslında "variable length" olabiliyor. Emin değilim.
Function Codes FC designation01 Driver 1 (to be used for the Cab Radio)02 Driver 207 Intercom08 PA10 Conductor20 Catering30 Security99 Instruction
Call Type 3
Call Type 3 için şöyle. Call Type 2 ile kesişen alanları var.
Function Codes FC designation01 Driver 102 Driver 207 Intercom08 PA50 Train-borne recorder
Örnek
3 01011201 10 için Call Type = 3, User Identifier Number 01011201, Function Code = 10
Call Type 4
Call Type 4 için şöyle. C
Function Codes FC designation52 Train data bus60 Pre-recorded passenger info61 Displayed Passenger Info. Unit
Call Type 6
Call Type 6 "Shunting Team" içinde kullanılıyor. Calling Party şeklen şöyle
Mesela
6 85123 5 131
Call Type 6'dan önce başka rakamlar da olabilir. Eğer şeklen şöyle olursa
CgPa = <CC><NDC><GCRNumber><CT6 Number>CdPa= <CallTypeAutomaticConference><Location Number starting with CT6ToVGSREFPrefixes><Function Code without team member function digit>Calling Party= 41 512 940 6 85123 5 131Called Party = 50 85 123501
Bazı Özellikler
1. Calling Line Identification Özelliği- CLIP
Beni arayan numarayı normalde SIM kartına ait telefon numarası ile görürüm. Eğer CLIP özelliği varsa telefon numarası yerine, arayan kişinin Functional Number numarasını görürüm.
2. Location Dependent Addressing Özelliği
Açıklaması şöyle. Örneği "controller" aranmak istediğinde kullanılır
Location dependent addressing (LDA) is an effective and efficient addressing method in GSM-R (GSM for railways), which needs information on the location of the mobile station in order to forward the call to the correct called party.
Şeklen şöyle. Bir short code tuşlanır. 1200 gibi. 1 Call Type Short Code olduğunu belirtir. 200 ise Short Code numarasıdır
3. Access Matrix Özelliği
Şeklen şöyle.
4. Functional Number With Variable Length
Açıklama yaz
5. Follow me
Açıklama yaz
6. Delayed Deregistration
Açıklama yaz
7. Enhanced Railway Emergency Group Call
Kısaca eREC. Açıklayıcı bir video burada. Acil bir durumda kontrolör bir alan içindeki tüm trenleri arayıp, tam duruşa geçmelerini isteyebilir.
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