Jaro-Winkler Similarity

Jaro Similarity

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Created by Matthew A. Jaro in 1989, the Jaro Similarity metric compares two strings and gives us a score that represents how similar they are.

The result is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 means the strings are completely different and 1 means they match exactly.

The first step to calculating the Jaro similarity is to count the characters that match between the two strings.

But, to be considered a 'match', the characters do not need to be in the same place in both strings - they just need to be near to each other.

This accounts for the common typing mistake where you accidentally enter some characters in the wrong order.

Jaro-Winkler Similarity

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This modification of Jaro Similarity was proposed in 1990 by William E. Winkler.

The 'Jaro-Winkler' metric takes the Jaro Similarity above, and increases the score if the characters at the start of both strings are the same.

In other words, Jaro-Winkler favours two strings that have the same beginning.